Novel players in coeliac disease pathogenesis: role of the gut microbiota : Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology : Nature Publishing Group

Novel players in coeliac disease pathogenesis: role of the gut microbiota : Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology : Nature Publishing Group

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Novel players in coeliac disease pathogenesis: role of the gut microbiota

• Elena F. Verdu,
• Heather J. Galipeau
• & Bana Jabri

• Affiliations
• Contributions
• Corresponding author

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

 

12,

 

497–506

 

(2015)

doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2015.90

Published online

 

09 June 2015

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Abstract

• Abstract• 
• Key points• 
• Introduction• 
• Gut microbiota in gut homeostasis• 
• The gut microbiota in coeliac disease• 
• Genetic susceptibility and dysbiosis• 
• From association to causality• 
• Future research•
• Conclusions• 
• References• 
• Acknowledgements• 
• Author information• 
• Supplementary information

Several studies point towards alteration in gut microbiota composition and function in coeliac disease, some of which can precede the onset of disease and/or persist when patients are on a gluten-free diet. Evidence also exists that the gut microbiota might promote or reduce coeliac-disease-associated immunopathology. However, additional studies are required in humans and in mice (using gnotobiotic technology) to determine cause–effect relationships and to identify agents for modulating the gut microbiota as a therapeutic or preventative approach for coeliac disease. In this Review, we summarize the current evidence for altered gut microbiota composition in coeliac disease and discuss how the interplay between host genetics, environmental factors and the intestinal microbiota might contribute to its pathogenesis. Moreover, we highlight the importance of utilizing animal models and long-term clinical studies to gain insight into the mechanisms through which host–microbial interactions can influence host responses to gluten.