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Influenza A(H10N7) Virus in Dead Harbor Seals, Denmark - Volume 21, Number 4—April 2015 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC

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Influenza A(H10N7) Virus in Dead Harbor Seals, Denmark - Volume 21, Number 4—April 2015 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC





Volume 21, Number 4—April 2015

Dispatch

Influenza A(H10N7) Virus in Dead Harbor Seals, Denmark

Jesper S. KrogComments to Author , Mette S. Hansen, Elisabeth Holm, Charlotte K. Hjulsager, Mariann Chriél, Karl Pedersen, Lars O. Andresen, Morten Abildstrøm, Trine H. Jensen, and Lars E. Larsen
Author affiliations: Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksberg, Denmark (J.S. Krog, M.S. Hansen, E. Holm, C.K. Hjulsager, M. Chriél, K. Pedersen, L.O. Andresen, L.E. Larsen)Anholt Gartneri & Naturpleje, Anholt, Denmark (M. Abildstrøm)Aalborg Zoo/Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark (T.H. Jensen)

Abstract

Since April 2014, an outbreak of influenza in harbor seals has been ongoing in northern Europe. In Denmark during June–August, 152 harbor seals on the island of Anholt were found dead from severe pneumonia. We detected influenza A(H10N7) virus in 2 of 4 seals examined.
Influenza A virus is widespread and affects a wide range of species, including humans (1). Waterfowl are considered the natural reservoir for most subtypes of influenza A virus, and most mammalian-adapted viruses initially originated in interspecies transmission from aquatic birds (2). Avian influenza A virus (AIV) replicates primarily in the intestinal tract of birds and is transmitted mainly through the fecal–oral route (1). Pinnipeds (e.g., seals) share the same shoreline habitats as many waterfowl species and therefore can be exposed to AIV. Several instances of interspecies transmission between birds and harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) with AIV subtypes H7N7, H4N5, H4N6, H3N8, and H3N3 have been reported in the United States, and antibodies against a wide range of subtypes have been identified in Europe, Asia, and South America (reviewed by White [3]). Human infections with seal influenza A virus have occasionally been reported (3). More recently, A(H1N1)pdm09 virus was isolated from elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) off the central coast of California, USA (4). To our knowledge, AIV in harbor seals off the coast of northern Europe was first reported in April 2014 (5).

Dr. Krog is a molecular biologist at the National Veterinary Institute. His primary research focus is national surveillance of avian and swine influenza A virus and other zoonotic viruses.

Acknowledgments

We thank Ivar Høst for submitting the material; Y.M Deng and P. Iannello for contributing the hemagglutinin sequence EPI339225; R. Bodewes and colleagues for contributing EPI544356 and EPI544357; and S. Zohari and colleagues for EPI545212, EPI545213, EPI547696, and EPI547697 to the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data EpiFlu database.
Surveillance of diseases in wildlife is financed by the Danish Forest and Nature Agency, project no. NST-410239.

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Figures

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Suggested citation for this article: Krog JS, Hansen MS, Holm E, Hjulsager CK, Chriél M, Pedersen K, et al. Influenza A(H10N7) virus in dead harbor seals, Denmark. Emerg Infect Dis [Internet]. 2015 Apr [date cited]. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2104.141484
DOI: 10.3201/eid2104.141484

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