miércoles, 21 de enero de 2015

Exosomes as Hedgehog carriers in cytoneme-mediated transport and secretion : Nature Communications : Nature Publishing Group

Exosomes as Hedgehog carriers in cytoneme-mediated transport and secretion : Nature Communications : Nature Publishing Group



Exosomes as Hedgehog carriers in cytoneme-mediated transport and secretion

Nature Communications
 
5,
 
Article number:
 
5649
 
doi:10.1038/ncomms6649
Received
 
Accepted
 
Published
 

Abstract

The Hedgehog signalling pathway is crucial for development, adult stem cell maintenance, cell migration and axon guidance in a wide range of organisms. During development, the ​Hhmorphogen directs tissue patterning according to a concentration gradient. Lipid modifications on ​Hh are needed to achieve graded distribution, leading to debate about how ​Hh is transported to target cells despite being membrane-tethered. Cytonemes in the region of ​Hh signalling have been shown to be essential for gradient formation, but the carrier of the morphogen is yet to be defined. Here we show that ​Hh and its co-receptor ​Ihog are in exovesicles transported via cytonemes. These exovesicles present protein markers and other features of exosomes. Moreover, the cell machinery for exosome formation is necessary for normal ​Hh secretion and graded signalling. We propose ​Hh transport via exosomes along cytonemes as a significant mechanism for the restricted distribution of a lipid-modified morphogen.

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