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Staphylococcus aureus Causing Tropical Pyomyositis, Amazon Basin, Peru - - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC

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Staphylococcus aureus Causing Tropical Pyomyositis, Amazon Basin, Peru - - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC


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Volume 19, Number 1–January 2013




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Staphylococcus aureus Causing Tropical Pyomyositis, Amazon Basin, Peru

Coralith GarcíaComments to Author , Marie Hallin, Ariane Deplano, Olivier Denis, Moises Sihuincha, Rozanne de Groot, Eduardo Gotuzzo, and Jan Jacobs
Author affiliations: Author affiliations: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru (C. García, E. Gotuzzo); Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (M. Hallin, A. Deplano, O. Denis); Hospital Iquitos Cesar Garayar García, Iquitos, Peru (M. Sihuincha); Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, the Netherlands (R. De Groot); Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium (J. Jacobs)
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Abstract

We studied 12 Staphylococcus aureus isolates causing tropical pyomyositis in the Amazon Basin of Peru. All isolates were methicillin-susceptible; 11 carried Panton-Valentine leukocidin–encoding genes, and 5 belonged to multilocus sequence type 25 and possessed an extensive set of enterotoxins. Our findings suggest sequence type 25 is circulating in tropical areas of South America.
Pyomyositis is an acute bacterial infection characterized by suppuration within large skeletal muscles manifesting as single or multiple abscesses. Its exact pathogenesis is unknown but is thought to occur through bacteremic seeding (1). The infection is often seen in tropical countries, hence the name tropical pyomyositis, and usually occurs in young, otherwise healthy persons. In addition, the infection is increasingly reported from temperate regions in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy or with HIV infection (1,2). The most common bacterial causes of tropical pyomyositis are Staphylococcus aureus (90% in tropical areas, 75% in temperate zones) and group A streptococcus (1%–5%); less common causes are group B, C, and G streptococcus, pneumococcus, Haemophilus spp., and gram-negative bacilli (2). Furthermore, the increasing incidence of pyomyositis in temperate regions has been correlated with the emergence and spread of community-associated (CA)–methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) clones (3). These CA-MRSA clones usually produce Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), a pore-forming toxin encoded by 2 genes, lukF-PV and lukS-PV (4).
Few studies have been done on the genetic characteristics of S. aureus that cause tropical pyomyositis. To help fill this void, we determined the molecular characteristics of S. aureus isolates causing tropical pyomyositis in the Amazon Basin of Peru.

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